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Project MKULTRA, or MK-ULTRA, was the code name for a covert, illegal CIA human research program, run by the Office of Scientific Intelligence. This official U.S. government program began in the early 1950s, continuing at least through the late 1960s, and it used U.S. and Canadian citizens as its test subjects.
The published evidence indicates that Project MKULTRA involved the use of many methodologies to manipulate individual mental states and alter brain functions, including the surreptitious administration of drugs and other chemicals, sensory deprivation, isolation, and verbal and sexual abuse.
Project MKULTRA was first brought to wide public attention in 1975 by the U.S. Congress, through investigations by the Church Committee, and by a presidential commission known as the Rockefeller Commission. Investigative efforts were hampered by the fact that CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MKULTRA files destroyed in 1973; the Church Committee and Rockefeller Commission investigations relied on the sworn testimony of direct participants and on the relatively small number of documents that survived Helms' destruction order.
In 1977, a FOIA request uncovered a cache of 20,000 documents relating to project MKULTRA, which led to the Senate Hearings of 1977. In recent times most information regarding MKULTRA has been officially declassified.
Although the CIA insists that MKULTRA-type experiments have been abandoned, 14-year CIA veteran Victor Marchetti has stated in various interviews that the CIA routinely conducts disinformation campaigns and that CIA mind control research continued. In a 1977 interview, Marchetti specifically called the CIA claim that MKULTRA was abandoned a "cover story."
On the Senate floor in 1977, Senator Ted Kennedy said:
''The Deputy Director of the CIA revealed that over thirty universities and institutions were involved in an "extensive testing and experimentation" program which included covert drug tests on unwitting citizens "at all social levels, high and low, native Americans and foreign." Several of these tests involved the administration of LSD to "unwitting subjects in social situations." At least one death, that of Dr. Olson, resulted from these activities. The Agency itself acknowledged that these tests made little scientific sense. The agents doing the monitoring were not qualified scientific observers.''
The following list is of hospitals, universities, and other facilities and organisations that were, in some way, involved in the hosting, funding, and/or enactment of government-sanctioned human experimentation in the past. This list is not intended to implicate any organisations or individuals connected to them, who neither condoned nor participated in harmful human research.
Aero Medical Laboratory, Directorate of Research, Wright-Patterson
Air Force Base, Ohio
Air Force 657 1st Aeromedical Research Laboratory
Allan Memorial Institute, Canada
American Psychological Association
Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts
Army Chemical Corps
Canada’s Defense Research Board
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Children’s International Summer Villages, Inc., Maine
Clifton Hospital, York, England
Columbia University
Commission on Viral Infections, Armed Forces Epidemiological Board,
Office of the Surgeon General
Cornell University, Cornell Medical Human Ecology Program
Creedmore State Hospital, Children’s Unit, Queen’s Village, New York
Dugway Proving Ground, Utah
Edgeware Arsenal
Edgewood Arsenal, Edgewood, Maryland
Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
Florida State University
Fort Benning, Georgia
Fort Sam Houston
Georgetown University Hospital, Washington DC
George Washington University
Geschickter Foundation
Geschickter Fund for Medical Research
Hanford Nuclear Facility, Richmond, Washington
Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts
Hollywood Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
House of the Good Shepherd, New York
Human Ecology Foundation
Ionia State Hospital
Johns Hopkins University
Leler University of Georgia
Los Alamos
Louisiana State Penitentiary
Marlborough day hospital, Wiltshire, England
Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Canada
J. P. Morgan and Co., Inc.
Montana State University
Montreal Neurological Institute, Canada
NASA
New Jersey Neuropsychiatric Institute, Bureau of Neurology and
Psychiatry
New Jersey Neuropsychiatric Institute, Clinical Investigative Unit of the
Bureau of Research
New Jersey Reformatory at Bordentown
New York State Department of Mental Hygiene
New York State Psychiatric Institute
New York University, New York
New York University School of Medicine Committee on Human
Experimentation
Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
Office of Naval Research
Ohio State Penitentiary at Columbus
Penetang Psychiatric Hospital, Oak Ridge Division, Penetanguishene,
Ontario, Canada
Powick Hospital, Malvern, Worcestershire, England
Public Health Service
Rand Corporation
Roffey Park, Lincolnshire, England
Rome State School, Rome, New York
Scottish Rite Foundation
Scottish Rite Foundation Schizophrenia Research Foundation
Scottish Rite Research Committee
Society for the Investigation of Human Ecology
Seventh Day Adventist Church
Stanford Research Institute (SRI)
Stanford University
St. John’s Orphan Asylum, New York
Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences (TRIMS), Houston, Texas
Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
UCLA Violence Project
University of Denver, Colorado
University of Illinois
University of Indiana
University of Maryland
University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry
University of Oklahoma, Department of Psychiatry
University of Pennsylvania
University of Rochester, New York
University of Texas
U.S. Air Force
U.S. Army
U.S. Army Chemical Research and Development Laboratory,
Edgeware Arsenal
U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command
U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases,
Fort Detrick, Fredrick, Maryland
U.S. Army Special Operations Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland
U.S. Department of Defense
U.S. Department of Energy
U.S. Federal Penitentiary, Atlanta, Georgia
U.S. Navy
Utica Community Chest, Utica, New York
Vacaville State Prison
Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Wayne State University College of Medicine, Lafayette Clinic,
Detroit, Michigan
Willowbrook State School, New York
Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury,
Massachusetts
Worcester State Hospital
Yale University
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